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№4' 2013

DERMATOVENEREOLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 19., Iss. 4, 2013, P. 61−64.


CONTACT DERMATITIS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE


Bolotnaya L. A.

Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education

The literature data on the causes and mechanisms of contact dermatitis, the methods of diagnosis and treatment are reported. Prevalence of simple contact dermatitis over allergic (80 and 20 % , respectively) was noted. Skin lesion caused by physical, chemical and biological factors play a role in simple contact dermatitis developing non−immunologically, while allergic contact dermatitis is a classical form of delayed−type hypersensitivity reaction mediated by sensitized lymphocytes. The diagnosis is based on clinical and history data, findings of in vitro immunological responses to specific allergens, and skin tests.
Particular attention is paid to contact dermatitis associated with nickel, widely used in everyday life and in industries. Recommendations to the patients with allergy to nickel and other irritants are given.

Key words: simple and allergic contact dermatitis, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment.


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