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Abstracts

№1' 2017

CONTENTS

European clinical practice guidelines for cardiology 2016
5 - 9
The review presents the main provisions of 5 clinical practice guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology published in 2016. The focus is on the changes introduced in the new version of the guidelines.
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Carotid arteries assessment by analyzing radiofrequency component of ultrasound signal
10 - 15
The article considers modern aspects of evaluation of local stiffness of the arterial wall. Software echo−tracking applications (QIMT and QAS) and the basic indicators of local rigidity are described. It is noted that the advantages of echo−tracking techniques are real time measurement results independent from the investigator's presetting. Diagnostic and prognostic value of the obtained parameters is shown.
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Impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on endothelium of patients with arterial hypertension and hypothyroidism
16 - 20
The influence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on endothelium in patients with arterial hypertension and subclinical hypothyroidism was studied. The results showed that their comorbid course was characterized by the presence of dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance against a background of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Significant changes of endothelial dysfunction markers in the patients indicate that this category of patients presents high cardiovascular risk.
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Functional myocardium assessment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertensive disease
21 - 24
Functional myocardium assessment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertensive disease was performed. A tendency to systolic dysfunction was revealed. Type 1 of diastolic dysfunction of the left and right ventricles developing against a background of myocardium hypertrophy was determined significantly. The patients with accompanying hypertension disease demonstrated more pronounced changes in the myocardium, chiefly of the left portion of the heart.
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Dynamics of changes of inflammation indicators in patients with community−acquired pneumonia and concomitant chronic heart failure
25 - 28
This article investigates the dynamics of changes in the indicators of inflammation: proinflammatory (IL−1β, IL−8, TNF−α), anti−inflammatory (IL−10) cytokines and marker of acute phase of inflammation C−reactive protein in patients with non−severe community−acquired pneumonia and concomitant chronic heart failure and their impact on the course of the disease.
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Options of esophagogastrostomy formation in patients with esophageal diseases
29 - 33
The article presents the results of a literature search for existing methods and approaches to formation of anastomosis in patients with esophageal diseases. It is shown that the results after esophag−ectomy can be related to many factors (method of forming the anastomosis, the surgeon's experience and correctness of anastomosis technique, individual approach to the patient) as well as in what extent the method complies with the principles of optimal anastomosis healing.
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Application of electrosurgical welding technologies to prevention of postmastectomy lymphorrhea
34 - 38
The results of treatment of patients with breast cancer treated with the traditional technique and with lymphorrhea prevention using a high−frequency electrosurgical welding and contactless thermal jetting of the living tissue of the surgical wound during the mobilization of the breast and performing lymphodissection are compared. A favorable post−operative course in the patients who were applied the intra−operative technique of complication prevention after mastectomy was noted. The use of high−frequency electrosurgical welding and contactless thermal jetting of the living tissue of the surgical wound during mobilization of breast and lymphodissection are an effective intra−ope−rative method of preventing development of massive and long−lasting postmastectomy lymphorrhea.
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Clinico−pathogenetic significance of hemostatic disorders in pregnant women with autoimmune thyroiditis
39 - 42
Complex investigation of the system of hemostasis was performed in pregnant women with autoimmune thyroiditis. Pathological activation of thrombocyte link of hemostasis playing an essential role in the pathogenetic mechanisms was established. Characteristic hypercoagulation and hyperaggregation of thrombocytes leading to high rates of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality were revealed in this category of pregnant women.
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Diagnosis of aneuploidy in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy
42 - 44
The work shows the capabilities of ultrasound diagnosis of aneuploidies (Down's, Edwards', Patau's and Turner syndromes) in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy, i.e. the term of gestation when the pregnancy can be interrupted due to detection of the above chromosomal anomalies.
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Renal involvement in polyarteritis nodosa
45 - 49
The presented findings suggest that kidney damage occurs in 62 % of patients with polyarteritis nodosa, what is more 42 % of cases are accompanied by renal failure, and depends on the age and sex of the patients, pathology of the skeletal muscles, cardiac valvular apparatus, peripheral nervous system, the nature of the course and the degree of activity of the disease, the presence of an antigen of viral hepatitis B and cardiovascular indicators. It is emphasized that the rates of nephropathy progression are closely related to blood levels of C−reactive protein and rheumatoid factor, that have some predictive value.
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Chalanges of ureteral stones treatment using intracorporeal lithotripsy
50 - 55
Treatment of patients with ureteral stones using ureteroscopy and contact ultrasonic lithotripsy was analyzed. The data about the failures and complications encountered in the treatment of ureteral stones using mini−invasive surgery are reported. The incidence of intraoperative complications when using this method of treatment did not exceed the well−known standards. Post−operative complications were resolved by therapeutic measures.
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Impact of metabolic syndrome on development of castration−resistant prostate cancer
56 - 60
The impact of metabolic syndrome on androgen deprivation therapy efficacy in patients with prostate cancer was investigated. The factors affecting the period of prostate−specific antigen progression and overall survival from time of starting the treatment were analyzed. The preliminary data suggest that metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for earlier development of castration−resistant prostate cancer and support the need for prospective evaluation of this finding.
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The quality of sleep in patients with vertebral artery syndrome
61 - 64
Sleep disorders were investigated in patients with myofascial pain syndrome of neck and shoulder location and vertebral artery syndrome. Positive correlation between severity of the musculo−tonic disorders, severity of the pain and severity of insomnia was found.
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Comparative analysis of incidence and prevalence of nervous system diseases and epilepsy in children residing in Ukraine and Kharkiv region
65 - 69
The results of the comparative investigation of the incidence and prevalence of the nervous system diseases and epilepsy in urban and rural residents among children of Kharkiv region and Ukraine are presented.
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The types of immune response in different forms of Epstein − Barr virus infection
70 - 76
The article presents the results of investigation of basic levels of regulatory cytokines in patients with various forms of Epstein − Barr virus infection. The analysis of the dynamics of cytokine profile in the patients revealed the changes in synthesis of cytokines, which was the basis for distinguishing four types of immune response. The obtained findings confirm the existence of cytokine imbalance at Epstein − Barr virus infection.
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Comparative assessment immunity changes in patients with chronic acquired toxoplasmosis at different types of therapy
77 - 88
Comparative evaluation of the changes in immunity parameters of the patients with chronic acquired toxoplasmosis influenced by various types of treatment (antiprotozoal therapy, combination therapy with specific anti−toxoplasma immunoglobulin, replacement therapy) was done. The highest immunological response was demonstrated by combination therapy.
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Regional anesthesia with prolonged analgesia in treatment of multiple fractures of limbs
89 - 92
The effectiveness of regional anesthesia followed by prolonged epidural analgesia and plexus blockade using a disposable elastopump in patients with multiple fractures of the limbs was assessed. It is emphasized that application of regional anesthesia with prolonged analgesia allows to acce−lerate post−operative functional rehabilitation and improve the quality of life of the patients during the post−operative period.
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Post−operative analgesia in patients with esophageal cancer
93 - 96
The results of application of an improved technique of post−operative analgesia in patients with esophageal cancer, which involved the use of two catheters (one was placed before the operation in the epidural space at Th5−Th7 level, the other intra−operatively into the paravertebral space at the level of thoracotomy) are presented. The results proved the effectiveness of the method and absence of complications such as hypotension and respiratory disorders.
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