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№2' 2017

ONCOLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 23., Iss. 2, 2017, P. 73−77.


MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOMETRIAL CANCER


Kartashov S. M., Oleshko K. M., Kucheryna N. S.

Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine

Despite the developments of medicine and biology in the field of oncology, endometrial cancer occupies a leading position in the structure of oncogynecological pathology. On the basis of the fact that this pathology is a multifactorial disease, and taking into account the role of genetic factors in the development of this pathology, it is expedient to investigate genetic disorders, in particular, microsatellite instability phenomenon. In order to study the specific features of the clinical course of endometrial cancer, taking into account the genetic and pathomorphological characteristics of the tumor, 342 patients were examined, of them 115 had microsatellite instability phenomenon. microsatellite instability was established in the tumor tissue by polymerase chain reaction. The results of the study showed that microsatellite instability is a frequent genetic disorder in patients with endometrial forms of endometrial cancer and is not typical for non−endometrioid forms. A reliable correlation of the presence of microsatellite instability with the degree of tumor differentiation and localization of the process in the uterus was established. Increase in the number of microsatellite disorders occurs during the perimenopause. The parameters of three−year disease−free survival of patients over 40 depend on microsatellite instability of the tumor phenotype −− the presence of this type of genetic disorders is accompanied by worsening of the results of treatment. Microsatellite disorders in stage I−III endometrial cancer of correlate with more frequent relapses of the disease. The presence of microsatellite instability in patients with endometrial cancer was accompanied by a significant reduction in three−year disease−free survival in patients with both endometrioid and non−endometrioid forms of endometrial cancer.

Key words: endometrial cancer, microsatellite instability, stage, age, histostructure, relapse−free survival.


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