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№1' 2019

OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 25., Iss. 1, 2019, P. 52−57.


BIOMOLECULAR MARKERS IN PATHOGENESIS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA


Viesich T. L., Tuchkina I. O., Guz I. A., Blahoveshchenskyi R. Ye.

Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

Understanding the basics of cell growth induction, especially under conditions of tumor tissue transformation, is an integral part of a proper approach to the management of the patients with endometrial hyperplasia. The further study of pathogenetic and molecular genetic mechanisms of this disease development is a promising direction of reducing the frequency of hyper− and neoplastic processes of endometrium. The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of biomolecular markers in pathogenesis of development of hyperplastic processes and matching the extent of their activity to morphological changes in endometrium. For the study 69 patients with endometrial hyperplasia comprising the main group were examined. The control group included 20 women admitted to the hospital with uterine bleeding for curettage without endometrial hyperplasia. To assess the molecular biological features of endometrial hyperplasia, the immunohistochemical method was used to determine the expression of the markers of proliferation (Ki−67) and apoptosis (p53), as well as estrogen (ER−α) and progesterone receptors (PGR). According to the histological examination results of the scrapings from the uterus, the patients with endometrial hyperplasia were divided into 2 groups: the first one made the patients with simple endometrial hyperplasia and the second group consisted of the women with complex hyperplasia. It has been proven that the determination of biomolecular markers Ki−67, p53 and sex steroid hormone receptors ER−α and PGR allowed not only to predict the course of endometrial hyperplasia, but also to evaluate the treatment effectiveness. An immunohistochemical study made it possible to identify the groups of risk for the recurrence of hyperplastic processes, the development of possible endometrial malignancy, and to promptly assign the surgery to patients.

Key words: endometrial hyperplasia, biomolecular markers, sex steroid hormone receptors.


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