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№3' 2014

NEUROLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 20., Iss. 3, 2014, P. 54−57.


The characteristics of cognitive dysfunction syndrome in patients with brain posttraumatic cystic formations


Korsunskaya L. L., Ioshina N. N.

S. I. Georgievsky Crimean State Medical University, Simferopol, Ukraine

Brain injury occupies a leading place among different types of injuries and accounts for 25−30 % of disability. Approximately 60−90 % patients have mental disorders and cognitive dysfunction and deficiency as the result of brain injury. One of the consequences is brain posttraumatic cystic formations. The purpose of the work was to identify cognitive dysfunction syndrome features in patients with brain posttraumatic cystic formations observed in remote period of brain injury on the basis of the complex analysis of epidemiological and morphological characteristics of posttraumatic cystic formations of the brain. The study involved 315 patients. The diagnosis was based on the analysis of case histories, neurological status, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, neuropsychological tests (Mini−mental state examination, MMSE; Frontal assessment battery, FAB). Cognitive dysfunction syndrome of different severity was revealed in 216 (68.6 %) patients. Of the patients with solitary posttraumatic cystic formations (n = 244), 164 (67.2 %) patients had cognitive disorders, in the group with multiple brain cystic formations (n = 71), 52 (73.2 %) patients had cognitive disorders. More often cognitive disorders developed after severe and moderate brain contusion, and were presented in a significant number of observations by the mild and moderate cognitive disorders, the degree of cognitive dysfunction correlated with the degree of severity of previous brain injury. There were no patients with cognitive disorders after concussion and compression of the brain. Disorders of cognitive functions occurred in a different sizes and localization of the brain posttraumatic cystic formations occurring even at small (up to 1.5 cm in diameter) posttraumatic cystic formations. It was revealed that the degree of cognitive deficiency increased with enlargement of posttraumatic cystic changes. The frontal, temporal localization of posttraumatic brain cystic formations and mixed localization are important for formation of cognitive dysfunction syndrome.

Key words: brain injury, consequences, cystic formations, cognitive disorders.


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